LEARN BASIC JAPANESE ALPHABET,HIRAGANA (JLPT N5)

·       Three types of letters in Japanese

                1. HIRAGANA                                2.KATAKANA                                              3.KANJI

·       At first we are going to learn HIRAGANA

Hiragana is basically used to express 46 different sounds used in the Japanese language. We suggest you start learning Hiragana, then Katakana and then Kanji. If you learn Hiragana first, it will be easier to learn Katakana next. Hiragana will help you learn Japanese pronunciation properly, after that you can write sentences in Japanese. Japanese will become a lot easier to study after having learned Hiragana. Also, as you will be able to write sentences in Japanese.  Katakana will help you read Japanese menus at restaurants. Hiragana and Katakana will be a good help to your Japanese study. It is important to practice writing Hiragana minimum 4hr in a day by pencil (don’t use pen) & use square notebooks. Revision is must.

There are 5 vowels in Japanese

          NOTE- Sound will be same

A	i	u	E	O
आ	इ	उ	ऐ	ओ
あ	い	う	え	を

 

 The Basic 46 Hiragana Characters

Exceptions:

The Hiragana は (ha) is pronounced "wa" when it immediately follows the topic of the sentence. This character is usually only pronounced "ha" when it is part of a word.
2. The Hiragana へ (he) is pronounced "e" when it immediately

1            follows a place or direction. Both of these are very simple to detect.

                    At first we draw Horizontal line then vertical line.

 Indicated with two small dots.

か　(ka) change to  ga(が)

さ   (sa) change to   za(ざ)

た   (ta) change to  da (だ)

は    (ha) change to  ba & pa (ば) (ぱ)

RULE 1

TENTEN ( ゛) AND MARU ( ゜) The first rule describes the way the pronunciation changes when two small dashes ( ữ ) called tenten or a small circle ( Ự) called maru is added to a hiragana character. Tenten may be added to 20 hiragana characters, giving them a voiced consonant sound. For example, adding tenten to any of the Ầ, Ẩ, Ẫ, Ậ, Ắ row characters changes the “k” (as in coat) to “g” (as in goat). You will notice a vibration in your throat when you pronounce “g,” but not “k.” All 20 hiragana characters become voiced sounds when you add tenten. 

Note: You probably noticed in the chart above that there are 2 characters pronounced "zu" and 2 characters pronounced "ji". The characters づ (zu) and ぢ (ji) are very rarely used. づ (zu) only occurs when there is a つ (tsu) in front of it like in つづく (tsuzuku - to continue) or when a Kanji (Chinese character) that has a reading which starts with つ (tsu) is paired at the end with another character changing the つ (tsu) to a づ (zu). The same applies for the Hiragana ぢ (ji).

The rules in Hiragana

(1)     Long vowels

(2)     ① a ＿

 is represented by adding あ.

oka ＿ san (mother) おかあさん

             

② ii and i ＿

 are represented by adding い.

oniisan (older brother) おにいさん

 ojiisan (grandfather)          

③ u ＿

 is represented by adding う.

yu ＿gata (early evening) ゆうがた

 chu ＿goku (China)           

taifu ＿(typhoon)                                                                      

④ e ＿

 is represented by adding え in the words of Japanese origin.

one ＿ san (older sister) おねえさん

⑤ ei is written in えい in the words of Chinese origin.

Eigo (English) えいご

 yu ＿mei (famous)          

sensei (teacher)         

 gakusei (student)          

⑥ o ＿ is represented by adding う.

sayo ＿ nara さようなら、 byo ＿ in (hospital)          、 kyo ＿ (today)         

Do ＿ mo arigato ＿ gozaimasu.                        

⑦ Ｉn some words it is traditionally written in お.

o ＿ ki おおきい、 to ＿ (ten)          、 to ＿ ri (street)                                                                 

(2) Double consonants

Double consonants (kk, pp, ss, and tt) are represented by small っ. As small っ indicates

a one-syllable pause, the mouth prepares for the pronunciation of the next syllable.

gakko ＿ (school) がっこう、 kippu (ticket)       

 kitte (stamp)         

Chotto matte kudasai. (Just moment, please.)                             Gambatte kudasai. (Go for it. Good luck.)                         

(3) ji and zu are usually written in じ and ず.  In few cases, they are traditionally written in ぢ and づ.

sanji (3:00)             jisho (dictionary)           

chizu (map)             mizu (water)              

 (4) wa using as a particle is written in は, not わ.

Kyo ＿ wa doyo ＿ bi desu. (Today is Saturday.) きょうは どようびです。 Watashi wa nihonjin desu. (I’m Japanese.)                                         

 Watashi wa nihonjin dewa arimasen. (I’m not Japanese.)                                          

(5) o using as a particle is written in を, not お.

Osake o nomimasu. (I drink sake.) おさけを のみます。

Sore o misete kudasai. (Please show me that.)                                           

Kore o kudasai. (Please give me this one.)                                           

(6) e using as a particle is written in へ, not え.

Shibuya e ikimasu. (I’m going to Shibuya.) しぶやへ いきます。

Doko e ikimasuka. (Where are you going?)                              

Kyo to e ikimasu.

 I’m going to Kyoto.  

अब तक हमलोगों ने HIRAGANA सीख लिया हैं |कुछ महत्वपूर्ण नियम भी सीख चुके हैं | क्युकि अभी आपने जापानीज भाषा सीखना शुरू किया है तो आपको एक ही चीज़ कई  बार दोहराना हैं | एक बार और HIRAGANA को देखते हुए,KATAKANA सीखेंगे |

 

Double consonants (kk, pp, ss, tt etc.) are represented by small tsu, っ

                            

There are lots of application on play store, where you can       practice with Hiragana games & Quiz.

VOCABULARY

うしーCOW

しおーSALT

かさーUMBRELLA

えきーSTATION

あしーFOOT

くしーCOMB

いけーPOND

ここーHERE

そこーTHERE

すいかーWATERMELON

あせーSWEAT

さかなーFISH

いとーTHREAD

てーHAND

くつーSHOES

うちーHOME

たいこーDRUM

いぬーDOG

ねこーCAT

かにーCRAB

はしーBRIDGE

ほしーSTAR

ひーFIRE

ふえーFLUTE

つのーHORN

うまーHORSE

さるーMONKEY

さくらーCHERRY BLOSSOMS

ゆきーSNOW

かわーRIVER

めがねーSPECTACLES

かぎーKEY

りんごーAPPLE

かぜーWIND

ふじさんーMT. FUJI

ちずーMAP

ごはんーRICE

くだものーFRUIT

でんわーTELEPHONE

まどーWINDOW

かばんーBAG

しんぶんーNEWSPAPER

かべーWALL OF HOUSE

かばんーBAG

でんぱーRADIO WAVE

さんぽーWALK

えんぴつーPENCIL

けっこんーMARRIAGE

ざっしーMAGAZINE

おにいさんーELDER BROTHER

おかあさんーMOTHER

おばあさんーGRANDMOTHER

おじいさんーGRANDFATHER

わたしーI

あなたーYOU

わたしたちーWE

がくせいーSTUDENT

だいがくーUNIVERSITY

だれーWHO

しつれいですがーEXCUSE ME

はいーYES

いいえーNO

 

GREETINGS

How to write Hiragana in proper way

just learn through this video

                                                                   THANK YOU